Saturday, August 31, 2019

Attitude of the Filipino Essay

I was raised as a simple women and I seldom think of my â€Å"caprechos† even though I’m deprived with so many things. Although I’m earning my own money, I seldom think of my WANTS. That’s why I dont know how to react or feel on this kind of stories. But you know what I think? Some Filipinos who acts as if they’re filty rich have many debts! They show the fruit of their labor, oops! My mistake, the fruit of their â€Å"utang† (debt) You can’t measure sucess with what you have alone, but how many lives you’ve touched. hmm, i don’t think that a success story. for me, it really depends on the attitude formed and not on the nationality. Its sad to know that if someone sees for example a filipino nurse behaving against the norm set in their place, they would take it against most or all of the filipino nurses and stereotype them. every basket has a couple of rotten apples but the sad thing is the basket is known for having 2 rotten apples than having 98 good ones. what id like to read in this thread are the real success stories that they had after all those negativities they’ve encountered. there’s a lot of success stories about filipino nurses. but the recent post was very TRUE.. here’s another story†¦. – my mom is a CNA in chicago and she’s working in a nursing home. Im expecting to hear good values coz filipinos are very much known for good character. my mom was handling a 70 yr. old man and my mom maked sure that she took care of that patient and gave the old man a warm bath. she talked to the patient and asked if he wants to take his dinner. My mom lift the bed side rails and checked if its good enough to put the old man in bed. she endorsed the patient to her co-cna’s and her nurse buddy before taking her break.. job well done. but after 30 minutes during my mom’s break nurses on duty run to the old man’s room and found the patient lying on the floor and screaming for help. my mom maked sure that before her break bedside rails were lift but the filipino nurse didnt took care of the patient (my mom’s buddy and team for that shift) and instead of doing the rounce that nurse and her girlfriend sleep†¦. †¦ The incident was reported to the dna and both of the filipino nurse yelled that they didnt want that to happen.. and refused to talk w/ my mom.. duh..!!.. my mom is a good employee for 25 yrs. i dont know waht happened to the so called TLC is it only for the green bucks or tired of worked.. dont know†¦ i was really sad to hear that some filipino nurses were that arrogant and very iresponsible.

Themes in the Crucible

Jacob Fallin Mrs. James English III 22 November 2010 Themes in The Crucible In my essay I’m going to be talking about the themes in The Crucible. â€Å"Saving your image is not worth the lives of innocent people. † Danforth did not want to postpone the hanging because he doesn’t want to look weak in Salem. So to look powerful he showed no mercy, didn’t not postpone the hangings, and so people with respect him in all ways. â€Å"Lies may be truth, and truth may be lies. † Said by John Proctor, innocent persons knew the truth while Abigail said that they were working with the devil.So who is going to believe who? That is what happens danforth does not believe the innocent, but the liers. â€Å"It’s better to fail with honor than succeed as a fraud. † John Proctor died knowing the truth while Abigail ran away from the innocent lives that she took from good people and she did that with her life of lies, and gets away from everything that h appened to all the innocent people that died for telling the truth and not doing witchcraft but was accused for it and then was hanged if did not confess.Jacob2 â€Å"When good men do nothing, evil can triumph. † If people in Salem said that Abigail and the other girls were lying they could have had a chance for the innocent to live. But only one person stood up for himself and the innocent [John Proctor] and he was hanged for not confessing to witchcraft which he was innocent but since he said â€Å"I am not with god. † â€Å"A lie told often enough becomes the truth. †Abigail and all the other girls, which said the same thing over and over again that was â€Å"so and so used witchcraft† and Judge Danforth believed Abigail and all the other girls which caused several death of innocent people like Corey Giles who was pressed to death they did that cause, so it soon became the truth to the court. Whoever was accused was going to get hanged unless the confe ssed and there were a few that did confess, and will be remembered by being known for doing witchcraft but the ones that didn’t confess were hanged, the last two people that hanged and did not confess was Rebecca Nurse ,and John Proctor. One error can lead up to many errors. † It all started because of Abigail and John's relationship, that’s when the witch trials and hangings occurred. All of this could have not started if John had not had the affair with Abigail and gave her hope that they would one day be together and she still though that john and her would soon be together because his wife was accused.

Friday, August 30, 2019

Review of Related Literature and Studies Essay

The importance of the business educators is increasing as the business world becomes more complex. Through this program, the students are educated to become skilled individuals who can contribute meaningfully to the overall effectiveness in an office setting, teaching and learning in schools. According to Hornby (2006) he says, â€Å"Curriculum is a subject that is included in a course of study or taught in a school, college, etc.† On the other hand, Uwaifo (2006) stated that a close look at the current Vocational and Technical Education curriculum generally reveals some problems that border on inadequate course content. Uhumuavbi and Ebhomhen (2006) in their own vain statement, they said that irrespective of the level of education and training given during the pre-colonial days in Africa, it was functional because the curriculum was relevant to the needs of the society. Unemployment if it existed, at all was minimal and very few young men roamed the villages and towns with nothing to do. According to Snyder (2008), a flexible curriculum is important because there is no single curricular path to career success. We are giving students more flexibility; this is not a radical departure from our curriculum. While Robert and Booth (2008) stated that the curriculum changes allow students to increase the intensity of their studies. According to Hasan (2001) the current status of the Indonesians educational system is somehow affected by current academic performance, curriculum, and quality of teachers and level of education. The policy directions for curriculum development were very positive and there was a lot of challenge for the Ministry of National Education to follow-up in the implementation of policies formulated, design a curriculum that includes technological system and information system to uplift the academic  performance in every level of education. Updating of the physical facilities is needed to improve teaching and learning process. Wagan (2001) stressed that continuous evaluation of the school curriculum should not be overlooked. Time and development in the business call for change and modification. The suggestions of graduates maybe a rich source of information for authorities, curriculum makers and in-service training program coordinates for materials that need emphasis and innovations. The National Association for Business Teacher Education (NABTE) is the institutional division of NBEA. The primary purpose of the organization is to promote business teacher education by providing national leadership and services to its member institutions and business teacher educators. Membership is open only to such colleges and universities that offer business teacher education curriculums approved by their respective State Departments of Education for the certification of business teachers. NABTE highlighted the importance of professional development in its publication, Business Teacher Education Curriculum Guide & Program Standards (2011). It emphasizes that business teacher educators should be involved in continual professional development activities and highlighted the importance of the course itself for future reference. The education paradigm emphasized during the early part of the 21st Century clearly called for an emphasis on basic skills (No Child Left Behind, 2001). The term â€Å"basic skill† is widely recognized as skill in reading, writing, or math. In fact, the United States national assessment of educational achievement assesses students in two basic skill areas: mathematics and reading. The term reading refers to the ability of a subject to phonemically announce and comprehend written or symbolic material. A licensed teacher is even highly regarded, according to the No Child Left Behind Act 2001, â€Å"highly qualified means that teachers have passed the teacher licensing examination.† (Tileston, 2004, p. 8). Foreign Studies Earlier research studies into the professional development needs of business teacher educators felt they needed more preparation in the development of new teaching methods; it seemed to echo the same perception of practicing business teachers (Polkinghorne, 2006). As a result, Boatright (2005) reported that all teachers must receive â€Å"adequate preparation† to work with  an â€Å"integrated curriculum†. Most teacher education programs use students’ grade point average (GPA) as a criterion for admission (Mikotovics & Crehan, 2002). Some programs combine GPA with ratings of a written profile, which requires applicants to describe relevant experiences and why they are interested in teaching or with letters of reference (Caskey, Peterson, & Temple, 2001) or with ratings of applicants’ performance in an interview (Denner, Salzman, & Newsome, 2001). In the United States, standardized test results are commonly used. Results from specific pre-requisite education courses also may be utilized. Finally, for applicants intending to become high school teachers, most consecutive programs require university-level coursework in the subject areas to be taught. Grade Point Average. GPA is the most widely used criterion for admission to teacher education programs (Lawrence & Crehan, 2001; Mikitovics & Crehan, 2002). It is generally believed to measure academic ability and so is thought to predict success in the instructional parts of the programs. However, a more important reason for its popularity as a criterion is likely its ready availability from students’ transcripts and its use by other advanced degree programs. Written Profile. The second most widely used criterion for entrance into teacher education programs is an applicant profile, typically consisting of written responses to specific questions about relevant experiences and interest in teaching. Such a profile includes much of the same information that could be elicited in an individual interview. The responses may be reviewed by the teacher education program for evidence of appropriate preparation and genuine interest and for evidence of unsuitability for teaching (Caskey, Peterson & Temple, 2001). In Ontario, all but one teacher education program uses some form of profile or essay response for screening applicants (Teacher Education Application Services, TEAS, 2004). Interview. The interview provides a unique opportunity for the teacher education program to gather information about an applicant’s language proficiency, attitudes, and interpersonal skills, in addition to information similar to that which could be gleaned from a written profile (Denner et. al., 2001). Interview ratings have also been found to be of limited value for predicting student teaching performance (Byrnes et. al., 2000; Caskey et. al., 2001; Denner et. al., 2001). However, they found that ratings of applicants’ performance in a  group interview predicted student teaching performance and that this type of interview was a better predictor than academic criteria. More recently, Byrnes, Kiger, and Shechtman (2000) studied 65 pre-service teachers, comparing their university supervisors’ and supervising teachers’ ratings of their student teaching performance with their ratings from a group interview intended to assess applicants’ verbal, interpersonal, and leadership skills. The group interview ratings added significantly to the prediction of the university supervisors’ ratings of the pre-service teachers’ student teaching performance, after controlling for the contributions of GPA and ACT test scores, but not to the prediction of the supervising teachers’ ratings. Standardized Tests. Many teacher education programs in the U.S. use results from standardized tests in their selection processes. For example, 28 states and the District of Columbia require applicants to pass the Praxis I: Pre Professional Skills Assessments (Educational Testing Service, 2006), which tests basic skills in reading, writing, and mathematics knowledge. There does not appear to be a consistent protocol for the use of or selection of standardized tests in the United States, and none are used in Canada as the mandate for Education falls under the jurisdiction of provincial governments. Courses in Subject Area. Applicants for consecutive programs who wish to train to be elementary school teachers are often assumed to have adequate subject matter knowledge if they have a Bachelor’s degree (although some programs will require them to also pass tests of reading, writing, and mathematics). Applicants for preparation as high school teachers, however, typically must provide proof of adequate knowledge of the subject areas they intend to teach. Often, this requirement is met by providing a university transcript showing completion of the required numbers of courses in the specialization areas. More recently, Stotsky (2006) has suggested that the content of the course should be considered and that university academic departments should be held responsible for the content knowledge of elementary and high school teachers in their disciplines. Overall Success in a Teacher Education Program. A few studies have examined the ability of admission criteria to predict overall success in a teacher education program. Caskey, Peterson, and Temple (2001), for example, analyzed the admission data for 82 applicants who were subsequently admitted to a one-year consecutive teacher education program. They found  that ratings of reference letters and a writing test score were most highly correlated with overall program performance. The correlation has the GPA of: 11 with personal statements, 16 with the performance of problem-solving by group, and with a holistic rating of completion application with .03 GPA. Together, the six admission criteria accounted for 38% of the variance in program performance. Hamel and Merz (2005) indicated the potential positive impact on student achievement emphasized through legislation seemed â€Å"reasonable enough† (p. 158). In fact, they indicated that teacher education institutions should work with federal policy makers to find the best way to improve student achievement. A myriad of social science researchers indicated subject-matter knowledge is an important component of effective teaching (Draper, 2008; Kehe, 2003; Stone et. al., 2008). A teacher’s ability to contextualize abstract content-knowledge to authentic learning opportunities is essential to the student’s ability to retain and apply knowledge to unique situations. Contextualizing subject-matter knowledge in social context is supported in both content area reading and cognitive research. Early content area reading research focused on students’ ability to pronounce written materials. To achieve this, according to the National Policy on Education (2004), computer education was integrated into the primary school curriculum, a welcome development but sad to note that subjects like shorthand, typewriting, commerce, and book-keeping are integrated together to form business studies thereby losing their original identity. Local Literature In the growing demands of today’s modern world one should be aware of the striking challenges and complexities of life today. Being aware of these things can do a big contribution in terms of the development of the society as well as the citizen of the society. The test of the greatness of a nation lies on the quality of education of its people. Thus, education plays a vital role in developing and producing locally and globally competitive citizens. On the other hand, if Business Teacher Education program are aiming for quality education and successful teachers, they should consider the effectiveness of the courses and programs being offered as well as the competencies of the teachers in transferring the knowledge and skills to the  future educators of the country. While various schools and other institutions offering business teacher education are having difficulties on improving the performance rating of the graduates in the licensure examination for teachers, it is very interesting to know the admission policies of the schools and the quality of the business teacher education program in producing competitive educators of the country. On the article of Vea Reynaldo (2009) discussing about the World education news and reviews, she made mention about the Philippine educational system. She said that entrance to universities and other institutions of higher education is dependent on the possession of a high school Certificate of Graduation and in some cases on the results of the National Career Assessment Examination (NCAE), or in many colleges and universities the results of their own entrance examinations. The NCAE is administered to fourth-year high school students to gauge the quality of the individual institutions they are attending, it was not designed or intended as an admission test, but has nonetheless served that purpose for some institutions and helps students to choose their career paths. Privately administered testing programs through the Center for Educational Measurement (CEP) are also widely used by colleges for admissions purposes. The two most common ones are the College Scholastic Aptitude Test (CSAT) and the Admission Test for Colleges and Universities (ATCU). The Philippine Education Placement Test (PEPT) is a national examination designed to evaluate the grade level of students returning to the school system or seeking admission to college based on knowledge and skills gained through formal and non-formal methods. Paredes (2000) states that the task of universities, colleges, and other educational institutions engaged in teacher education is to produce teachers whose preparation allow them to possess not only a high degree of technical skills and a thorough education underlying the practice of teaching, but also to become persons qualified to assume the responsibilities of educational leadership in the communities in which they will work. Enriquez, (2000) gives importance on accepting students engaged in Teacher Education Program who would unselfishly devote their lives to the noble task of teaching, which the researchers think will do a great help in producing competent teachers that will help students to  become a productive citizen of the country. The admission policy at Polytechnic University of the Philippines on the year on school year 2011-2012 is on a FIRST-COME-FIRST-SERVED basis subject to the availability of slots. In addition to the general criteria set by the University, admission to an academic program depends on the satisfaction of the specific criteria such as PUPCET Score, High School General Weighted Average and High School final rating requirement in selected HS subjects.) In the College of Education, the specific criteria in admitting aspiring students should have a minimum PUPCET score of 99, on the high school general weighted average their minimum requirement is 82% and the final rating in the English subject should be 82%. The students should pass also in the final interview to be admitted at the College of Education. According to Basaen, et. al. (2005), he wrote about the results of licensure examinations have become measures of the quality of instruction, faculty, and students. Accrediting agencies as well as C.H.E.D. have used government board examination results as gauge in granting schools the university status, center of development, and center of excellence. Moreover, on the results of the licensure examination for teachers at the Polytechnic University of the Philippines from the year 2008-2013 the researchers had gathered. It had been showed from year 2008 that overall results were 63%, wherein 91 out of 144 passed the examination. While on the year 2009, the overall results were 56% wherein 267 out of 479 had passed. On the year 2010 there are 141 who passed out of 359 examinees equivalent to 39.25%. While on the year 2011, the overall results were 40.86 wherein 143 had passed out of 350. On the other hand, on year 2012 the overall results was 72.69% where in 330 out of 454 had passed the examination. Lastly, on the current year 2013, the results decreased from 72.69% to 60.33% wherein 146 had passed out of 242. Thus, there is varying results on the performance rating of the students at the Polytechnic University of the Philippines. It only goes to show that there is still a need of an improvement. Local Studies Licensure examination is a scholastic aptitude test designed to measure some intellectual abilities and skills and that will serve as a requirement for eligibility in the teaching profession. It is the last hurdle that a  candidate must face to acquire a license to work. A board has the ultimate responsibility to ensure that the examination meets the technical, professional, and legal standards, and protects the health, safety, and welfare of the public by assessing candidates’ abilities to practice competently in their chosen field. According to Ornstein and Levine (2006, p. 28) licensure and testing for teachers is one of the steps that improves public confidence in the teacher workplace. Panawidan (2000) found in her study of The Status of the Teacher Education Program of Higher Education Institutions in Region XII that the enrolment in Teacher Education was relatively high compared to other disciplines. She said that teacher education programs are found to be oversubscribed including courses in Business Education, Humanities, Social Sciences and Communication. There seemed to be resurgence in the demand for teachers here and abroad. She also said that teacher education program was well implemented by majority of the teacher education institutions because of compliance to CHED requirements. In addition, results showed that there were more LET passers in the elementary level than in the secondary level. There are several factors which could influence the performance of higher education institutions that are offering teacher education program. According to Tan C (2006) in her study of the Factors influencing the performance of teacher education program in selected state universities and colleges in Region IV-A, some faculty-related factors and dean-related factors influenced the performance of teacher education programs in terms of passing rate in the LET and employment rate of graduates. Supervision of the deans indicated by the dean’s activities towards the improvement of classroom instruction and dean’s supervisory practices for the development of better school and community relationship had significant and positive effect on the passing rate. The more often the deans did such activities, the higher was the passing rate in the LET. Another factor was the school climate since a good school climate results to higher passing rate in the LET, although this condition had a negative influence on the employment rate. The dean’s longer years of teaching resulted to lower passing rate in the LET but the dean’s education attainment positively influenced the employment of the graduates. Layba (2003) conducted his study on Evaluation  of the Quality Teacher Education Program in Higher Education Institutions in the Province of Laguna which consisted of 13 privates and public tertiary schools for school year 2002-2003. In his study, the researcher involves the administrators and teachers of selected tertiary schools as respondents. The results revealed several strengths and weaknesses of the education program among school respondents. According to Limo (2010) on his study about the Need-based Reviewer in Technology and Livelihood Education for the licensure examination for teachers, it is concluded that the reviewer in T.L.E. is a useful materials in preparing education graduates whose major are technology and livelihood education to take the LET. LET-T.L.E reviewer prepares graduates in the LET in the different components they are not trained in. It has a content update in each component or practice test items that guide the target user on how to identify the correct answer. Moreover, the reviewer was found highly valid as to objectives, contents, instructional materials and practice test items; hence they are expected to be able to assist the TLE graduates to pass the LET. Valenton and Dela Cruz (2007) found on their study about The â€Å"Performance in the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) of Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in Technology and Home Economics Graduates at Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology†, the batch passing rates of LET takers from 2003-2006 were all lower than 30%. Also, the LET takers had a satisfactory performance only in the Field of Specialization and did not perform well in the General Education and Professional Subjects. It might be implied that the BSE Graduates major in T.H.E. did not perform well the LET given in years 2004 to 2006. BIBLIOGRAPHY FOREIGN LITERATURE Books Delta State University (2006). â€Å"Business Education Unit Academic Programme for B.S. Degree in Business Education.† Abraka, Delsu. Thesis F.O. Ohiwerei and N. Azih (2010). â€Å"Comparative Programmes of Business Education In Nigerian Universities (A Case Study of Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma and Delta State University, Abraka)†. Polkinghorne, Frederick William (2009). â€Å"Reading Skill Integration in High School Business Courses: Perceptions of Business Teacher Educators in the United States† Journal Casey, Catherine E. et. al. (2007). â€Å"Teacher Education Program Admission Criteria and What Beginning Teachers Need to know to be Successful Teachers†. Webliography National Association for Business Teacher Education 2011, http://www.nabte.org/ http://www.nbea.org/newsite/curriculum/standards/ Red River College and the University of Winnipeg, http://me.rrc.mb.ca/Catalogue/ProgramInfo.aspx?RegionCode=WPG&ProgCode=BUSHF-DP Proquest, LLC, http://udini.proquest.com/view/reading-skill-integration-in-high-pqid:1879088921/ LOCAL LITERATURE Theses Paredes Enriquez Caseldo, Dante L. (2008). â€Å"Academic predictors of the licensure examination for teachers performance of the University of the Cordilleras BSED-MATH Graduates.† Webliogragphy Nick Clark, http://www.wes.org/ewenr/09jan/practical.htm LOCAL STUDIES Thesis Limo, Mark Raguindin (2010). â€Å"Need-Based Reviewer in Technology and Livelihood Education for the Licensure Exam for Teachers†. Valenton et. al. (2007). â€Å"Performance in the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) of Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in Technology and Home Economics Graduates at Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology† Umali, Severino E. (2009). â€Å"An Evaluation of Technology and Livelihood Education Program among Selected Secondary Schools in the National Capital Region (NCR)† Pajarillo, Marcela Bartolome (2012). â€Å"Evaluation of Private Higher Education Institutions in Bicol Region Based on Baldrige Education Criteria for Performance Excellence: Basis for Planning Institutional Improvement† Webliogragphy Hanz, http://www.dearhq.org/licensure_examination.htm/August2008

Thursday, August 29, 2019

Short answer Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Short answer - Term Paper Example The second part listed a number of indictments that America required King George III to answer while the last part concluded that the thirteen American colonies were, thus, considered as sovereign states. The DOI was and has remained a significant part of the American history. Firstly, it led to the freedom of American States from the tyranny of King George III of England. Through the DOI, the colonies did not only declare Americas disloyalty to the colonizers but also pointed out King George IIIs gross violation of the Americans rights. Despite the signing of DOI, the British government was not ready to set the Americans free. They ruled the document as illegal and treasonous; however, this did not deter the American fighters from pushing for their freedom. Conversely, it set the stage through which America would acquire increased foreign assistance in their fight against the British. Following the signing of DOI, for example, France offered its exclusive military and monetary support to the American rebels. The DOI was not only significant to the American people, but also to other countries besides the United States. As Cole (780) explains, the signing of the declaration encouraged other colonies to fight for their independence. Shortly after the DOI, for instance, France revolted against the oppression of King Louis XV. The DOI and the consequent independence of America justified the rights of colonies to rebel against their masters in pursuit of freedom. The Jacksonian democracy refers to the political movement in the era of the prominent politicians Andrew Jackson. As Tillery (639) elaborates, Jacksonian democracy was a form of was a political ideology that sought to achieve greater democracy in America. It began in the presidency era of President Jackson in 1828 up until 1840. However, the certain democratic aspects that were instigated in the Jacksons era are still practiced

Wednesday, August 28, 2019

Art and cinema Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Art and cinema - Essay Example Beyond the artist or producer’s annotations on technology, often the audience is made aware of the fragile nature of portraying time within the work. Using a few film clips and reading examples, the paper will expound on the complex relationship between film and photography. Roland Barthes’ writing â€Å"The face of Garbo† clearly reflects one of the many intrinsic relationships between cinematography, film, and photography. In his work, Barthes idealizes actress Greta Garbo’s image. Garbo was undoubtedly one of Hollywood’s most beautiful women in the 1930s; these was a period were imagery and film were akin. Before Hollywood’s golden age of the 30s, demand for photos and images for actors was just starting to take root. The 1920s saw the demand actors and actresses’ photos rise. With these demand, photography of many actors became idealized. Some critic even believed that many actors would be nothing without their photography. Greta Garbo’s photographs portray a specific mood, a type of flavor, a larger than life feeling. In the movie Camille Garbo, evoke similar sentiments to the audience. In the movie, Greta plays the role of Marguerite Gautier a beautiful young woman who eventually becomes known as Da me Camille. For years, Camille’s beauty was her main source of livelihood. Her beauty seduces one Baron de Varville to cover her finances. Garbo’s looks in the movie Camille plunge the audience into an elation that has equal magnitudes as her photos. The last twenty years have seen exponential improvement in technology. The fields of film and photography have not been left out in this aura. Today, Photoshop is prevalent in virtually all-photographic work in the internet, galleries and museums. In her work, â€Å"The Ballad of Sexual Dependency† photographer Nan Goldin is concerned about this implication. The ballad of sexual dependency spans from 1976 to the 80s is a work of reality and depicts Goldines life. Goldin has an intrinsic

Tuesday, August 27, 2019

Men's magazine and the gender represent in its industry Thesis

Men's magazine and the gender represent in its industry - Thesis Example magazines available in Australia tended to be a little biased in their projection of the contemporary male identity, giving more coverage to a specific ethnicity, and highlighting the views and preferences of that ethnicity. No wonder, such an approach towards the representation of male identity typically stereotyped the notions of male identity. In that context, this portrait shoot indeed managed to dilute such stereotypical representation of Australian men, bringing in a multicultural perspective, which is essentially an Australian concept. A. Well, nobody will deny the fact that Australia is a vibrant multicultural society. However, one essential aspect of multiculturalism is that people affiliated to different ethnicities and pursuing the same professions do tend to have different needs, aspirations and expectations. Yes, I do believe that the way people tend to project themselves and the way they manage their outlook is to a large extent shaped by where they were born and how they were raised and brought up. In that sense the given portrait shoot has successfully managed to project this fact. This portrait shoot has been able to make a successful use of the lighting, photographic techniques and color scheme to bring out the variations inherent in the selected four men, thereby on the one side highlighting the commonalities inherent in the standard image of an Australian male, but, at the same time, building on the ethnic typicality and variations of the four subjects in a way that celebrates their ethnicity and cult ure. I must say that in this sphere, this portrait shoot is indeed innovative and remarkable. A. Well, when I consider the fact that this portrait shoot had been compiled by a female artist, I find it both regular and insightful. In a way this portrait shoot is regular in the sense that the compiler has adhered to the basic fundamentals of photography and lighting, and it does not make it any special in comparison to any other artist, be it a male

Monday, August 26, 2019

Student survival guide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Student survival guide - Essay Example Actions plans are required in the present times since there is so much work that a student does. He does not get the time to study in an age of Internet and changing technological regimes. He is surrounded with so much information that studies seem to take a back step, which by all accounts is an unfortunate thing to know. A student must understand that finding the much needed information and data which could assist with his studies is indeed a task that he has to take on his own and this he could do in an effective manner if he knows which libraries he can access the information from and in what manner this search could be made possible in an effective and efficient way. For this to happen, he must ensure that he is well read with the Internet and knows how to use this technological superpower which has hit the academic world like any other, in the times of today. If he knows how to conduct correct search of data and information on the Internet, then he knows how to devise a proper plan for his studies and this indeed is half the job done and that too in a good enough manner. Personal action plans are devised in a manner that makes best use of the library searches so as to get the most productive and up to date information which is needed and these plans look at the maximization of resources as much as possible. What this means is the fact that conducting one such successful library research is the basis of extracting the needed information in the wake of knowledge acquisition and the eventual development of details related with the student’s resource. Also there must be a lot of emphasis on finding the websites which provide authentic information and not mere hearsay. This can be made use of by employing the search engines and the genuine e-libraries which are present on the World Wide Web. Academic honestly must be upheld at all times by the students so that they learn something constructive with the passage of time and

Sunday, August 25, 2019

Entering the Out of Home Market Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Entering the Out of Home Market - Case Study Example However, one must remember no matter how revolutionary or unique a product is, it is not an assurance that it will be successful when offered to the buying public especially if it is competing with lower-priced, strategically marketed and well managed products. Nonetheless, there is a high probability that MagicADs can gain an advantage since this technology has already been successful in the South East Asia market garnering the advertising projects of industry giants such as Sony Ericsson, Diageo, Coca-Cola, Adidas, Swatch and Unilever. This, together with a pipeline of innovative / unique products at various stages of development can give the advertising firm an edge in the 'Out of home' advertising sector. MagiqADs will still need to verify this claim by conducting an intensive feasibility study- one which does not only identify the competitors and market segments but also specifies the financial and technical requirements of the project. I assume this will be conducted as this the standard operating procedure especially for large scale marketing. Perhaps what MagiqADs can do is to launch a test run of its product and evaluate the response of the 'spectators' of the advertising medium.

Saturday, August 24, 2019

Kurdistan Workers Party Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Kurdistan Workers Party Paper - Essay Example The PKKs objective has been to secure an autonomous Kurdish state in southeast Turkey, northern Iraq, and parts of Iran and Syria. In the early 1990s, the PKK moved past rustic based extremist exercises to incorporate urban terrorism. Turkish powers caught Ocalan in Kenya in ahead of schedule 1999, and the Turkish State Security Court, therefore, sentenced him to death, a sentence later drove to life detainment after the annulment of capital punishment (Wyne 2005). In August 1999, Ocalan proclaimed a "peace activity," requesting parts to shun savagery and to ask for a dialog with Ankara on Kurdish issues. At a PKK Congress held on 2000 January, parts underpinned Ocalans driving factors and guaranteed the gathering now would utilize just political intends to attain its open objective of enhanced rights for Kurds in Turkey (Phillips 2008). On 2002 April at one of its Party Congress, the PKK transformed its name to Kurdistan’s Freedom and Democracy Congress and broadcasted a guarantee to peaceful exercises in the backing of Kurdish rights. In late 2003, the gathering tried to specialist an alternate political cosmetic touch up, renaming itself Kongra-Gel (KGK). It pushed its "serene" aims while keeping on directing assaults in "self-preservation" and to deny demobilization. On June 2004, the bunchs hard-line activist branch, which had taken control of the gathering in February 2004, denied the PKKs purposeful trace of the previous five years (Eyrice 2013). The fundamental goal of the PKK organization is to form its own Kurdish state (CASIER 2010). On October 4, in 1992, the Kurdish government in Erbil announced â€Å"PKK ought to either withdraw from the outskirt builds or become dislodged." In the light of March 17, 1993, Ãâ€"calan from Lebanon declared a truce from March 20 to April 15 to Jalal Talabani. He proclaimed that the PKK did not

Friday, August 23, 2019

RocketBoom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

RocketBoom - Essay Example Rocketboom has an organizational structure that differs from the traditional television programs that feature the unidirectional structure. It targets international audience by engaging them in discussions and in various formats and platforms (VCTV 2007). The Rocketboom video covers the top and new stories with a bias on international arts and weblog drama. It presents the videos online and also distributes them via RSS. The firm’s content can also be accessed via its website, iTunes and subscription through emails. The availability of its content online gives it a larger audience than the television companies. Unlike traditional televisions that spend heavily in production, it uses simple facilities to compose its content (DeVilla 2006). Failure to understand the concepts of IT and business would have deprived it the opportunity to thrive in the hostile market. As discussed above, most traditional television companies fail to register growth because of their limited knowledge or lack of using IT exhaustively. Lack of business skills would have seen the company collapse at an early age because of poor

Critically discuss the extent to which Fayol's classic analysis of the Essay

Critically discuss the extent to which Fayol's classic analysis of the management function has largely been made redundant by - Essay Example With the advent of globalization and continuous advancement in technology, it can be viewed that the way business operated decades ago has radically changed. Many critics around the world are developing new theories that are providing much better ways than the theories that were propounded by managerial theorist in the past. It is believed that today’s managerial theories comparatively provide much detailed analysis and suggestions that can help a business in present highly competitive world. Among all Fayolism is a management theory that was developed by the famous French management theorist Henri Fayol. It is believed that though the theorist work as a guideline for administrators the theory contributed and highlights the practises that would be implemented while managing an organization (Wren, & et. al., 2002). The major purpose of this essay is to discuss the extent to which Fayol’s classic analysis of the management function has largely been made redundant by the m ore recent empirical studies of what managers actually do, such as that favoured by Mintzberg. Discussion Management theories are considered to be a vital part of every business association in today’s competitive commercial environment that serve as a road map and standards for accomplishing their broad objectives. It not only provides a blueprint on how business should be operated but also helps in proper management of resources and in formation of measurable aims and objectives for the business organisation. Henri Fayol is considered to be a pioneer in the field of management theories. With Fayol’s work viz. General and Industrial Management, Fayol was considered amongst the best management theorist in the past. However, with the passing time it can be viewed that many experts were largely convinced with the theory propagated by Fayol while some criticised it on certain ground. Among them the contemporary theory propagated by Henry Mintzberg has been largely been com pared with Fayol’s management theory which has resulted in raising question regarding the applicability and acceptability of Fayol’s classic analysis of the management function. The Different Perspectives on Management Taken by Fayol and Mintzberg Description on Fayol’s Work Henri Fayol generally known as the father of administrative management is considered to be amongst the first management theorist that provided business organizations standard way of managing their business effectively that would help them to achieve their goals and objectives smoothly. According to Fayol, all industrial organization consists of six different group of activities including technical which mainly focused on production, manufacture and adaption; commercial which consists of buying, selling and exchanging; financial which concentrated on searching for chances that would help in optimum utilization of resources; security which mainly focused on protecting property and persons; acc ounting which main task was to maintain stock captivating, balance sheets and cost statistics and managerial

Thursday, August 22, 2019

Routine Activity Theory Essay Example for Free

Routine Activity Theory Essay Routine activity theory is a sub-field of rational choice[-0] and criminology[-1], developed by Marcus Felson[-2] and Lawrence E. Cohen[-3]. Routine activity theory says that crime[-4] is normal and depends on the opportunities available. If a target is not protected enough, and if the reward is worth it, crime will happen. Crime does not need hardened offenders, super-predators, convicted felons or wicked people. Crime just needs an opportunity. The basic premise of routine activity theory is that most crimes are petty theft[-5] and unreported to the police[-6]. Crime is neither spectacular nor dramatic. It is mundane and happens all the time. Another premise is that crime is relatively unaffected by social causes such as poverty[-7], inequality[-8], unemployment[-9]. For instance, after World War II[-10], the economy of Western countries was booming and the Welfare states were expanding. During that time, crime rose significantly. According to Felson and Cohen, this is because the prosperity of contemporary society offers so much opportunities of crime: there is much more to steal. Routine activity theory can also help explain the dramatic rise in crime during the 1960s. Due to the increase in female participation in the labor market, the homes are left without a capable guardian as adult caretakers at home during the day decreased. Furthermore, rapid growth of suburbs and the decline of more traditional neighborhood, led to the decline of informal controls that would have once existed with a tightly-knit neighborhood. Lastly, with the baby-boom generation[-11] coming of age in the 1960s to the 1980s, it amounted to an excessive number of motivated offenders and crime rate predictable increased in a similar manner. With such changes in the nuclear family, more and more youths were lacking supervision, especially when both parents worked outside the home; the number of temptations increased for youth to commit crimes. [1] Routine activity theory is controversial among sociologists who believe in the social causes of crime. But several types of crime are very well explained by routine activity theory including copyright infringement[-12], related to peer-to-peer file sharing[-13], employee theft[-14], and corporate crime[-15]. For crime to be committed, three aspects are needed: 1) A Motivated Offender 2) A Suitable Target 3) The Lack of a Capable Guardian Lack of a capable guardian can range to anything that would make a suitable target easier to victimize. From a person walking alone, to a poor police presence, to anyone else who would deter a motivated offender from offending in that circumstance. It should be noted that the guardian does not have to be a person at all, nor does the suitable target; there are many examples of objects and environmental designs that act as a guardians or security measures to deter motivated offenders as well. This branches into the realm of CPTED[-16] (crime prevention through environmental design) where seemingly small measures like the addition of lights, fences, better locks, open or visible areas and security cameras act as the capable guardian and can prevent crime against a suitable target, in this case a building, park or other areas. [1] Furthermore, crimes rate if generally proportional to the number of motivated offenders, such as teenagers and unemployed people, in the population. Of course, motivation can be lowered when legitimate means are available for offenders to achieve their goals. Motivation can increase, when the option of crime is the only viable choice available for an offender to achieve their goals. Another deterrence that influences the routine activities that produces crime is the moral beliefs and socialization of the offender. If a person has been socialized to hold conventional beliefs, even in the presence of criminal opportunities, offenders would refrain from crime. Such is the strength of social bonds that serve as a buffer to counteract the lure of criminal activities. A criticism of routine activity theory states that opportunities to commit crime by youth do not generally lead to a crime committed when the parental controls are missing. Also suggesting that routine activity fails to ignore other theories in relation to the causes of crime, such associal learning theory[-17]. Another criticism of this theory says that even though opportunities for crime are high when both parents are involved in the workforce, crime can also be displaced to an area where there is low supervision by parents. Meaning regardless of situation, crime will still occur.

Wednesday, August 21, 2019

Management Leadership Across Cultures Leadership Business Essays

Management Leadership Across Cultures Leadership Business Essays In this Tourism and Hospitality module the topic given to me is Management Leadership Across cultures. In todays increasingly competitive business environment the international nature of hospitality and tourism industry requires those managers who are fully aware of many different problems relating to leadership. They really need the knowledge and skills important to lead and motivate workforce across many different cultural backgrounds, and respond to the needs and expectations of culturally diverse guests. This issue is one of the great important and very relevant to effective management of organization in a critical understanding oh the range of issues associated with management and leadership across culture. This report covers the learning outcomes 1,2 and 3- weighting 100%. Learning outcome and main aim of this study is to evaluate the (1) critically evaluate theories of leadership Motivation. (2) Critically evaluates theories relating to managing cultural diversity. (3) Compare and contrast the styles of leadership and appropriate motivation techniques across different cultures. Using the right methodology and research work this report will cover the issues raised by the research queries. 1 Introduction With the passage of time the globalization and internationalization growing at faster pace, only few successful organizations can now survive without understanding the need to work across cultures. Even if businesses or organizations are not working outside the country or with foreign persons, it would be a challenge to identify better opportunities single cultural workforce. With the help of cross-cultural business surroundings comes a need for people to be aware of how culture influences the organization. It is disappointing, as many quickly discover, the rest of the world does not do things like we do. Cultural diversity really affects the every field of organization, and no one can overlook the cultural differences. The cause of event is the leadership challenge is very hard to achieve. the Leaders of new era should have the ability to managing people of different cultures; the leaders must have the ability to listen every one and should understand the actual meaning of diversified cultural coworkers. This is the main and the core challenge which a leader faces; when people perceive the world, communicate and view their leaders in different ways, the leaders ears may be ringing with misunderstood messages. 1.1 The Leader The superior leader gets things done with very little motion. He imparts instruction not through many words but through a few deeds. He keeps informed about everything but interferes hardly at all. He is a catalyst, and though things would not get done well if he werentt there, when they succeed he takes no credit. And because he takes no credit, credit never leaves him. Lao Tse, Tao Te Ching 1Great Man Theories: Great Man theories assume that the capacity for leadership is inherent that great leaders are born not made. 2. Trait Theories: Trait theories often identify particular personality or behavioral characteristics shared by leaders. 3. Behavioral Theories: Behavioral theories of leadership are based upon the belief that great leaders are made, not born. Rooted in behaviorism, this leadership theory focuses on the actions of leaders not on mental qualities or internal states. 3. Contingency or Situational Theories: Contingency theories of leadership focus on particular variables related to the environment that might determine which particular style of leadership is best suited for the situation. 4. Participative Theories: Participative leadership theories suggest that the ideal leadership style is one that takes the input of others into account. Theories of Motivation 1.Abraham Maslows Need Hierarchy Theory: One of the most widely mentioned theories of motivation is the hierarchy of needs theory put forth by psychologist Abraham Maslow. Maslow saw human needs in the form of a hierarchy, ascending from the lowest to the highest, and he concluded that when one set of needs is satisfied, this kind of need ceases to be a motivator. As per his theory this needs are : (i) Physiological needs : (ii) Security or Safety needs : (iii) Social needs : (iv) Esteem needs : (v) Need for self-actualization : 2- Theory X and Theory Y of Douglas McGregor : McGregor states that people inside the organization can be managed in two ways. The first is basically negative, which falls under the category X and the other is basically positive, which falls under the category Y. 3-Mayo Theory of Motivation Elton Mayo (1880 1949) believed that workers are not just concerned with money but could be better motivated by having their social needs met whilst at work. 4-Herzberg Theory of Motivation Frederick Herzberg (1923-) had close links with Maslow and believed in a two-factor theory of motivation. He argued that there were certain factors that a business could introduce that would directly motivate employees to work harder (Motivators). However there were also factors that would de-motivate an employee if not present but would not in themselves actually motivate employees to work harder (Hygienefactors) Critically Analysis of leadership Theories 1-Trait Theory: The Trait Approach came from the Great Man theory as a way of identifying the key characteristics of successful leaders. It was believed that through this approach critical leadership traits could be isolated and that people with such traits could then be recruited, selected, and installed into leadership positions. This approach was common in the military and is still used as a set of criteria to select candidates for commissions. The problem with the trait approach lies in the fact that almost as many traits as studies undertaken were identified. After several years of such research, it became apparent that no consistent traits could be identified. Although some traits were found in a considerable number of studies, the results were generally inconclusive. Some leaders might have possessed certain traits but the absence of them did not necessarily mean that the person was not a leader. 2-The Behavioral Theory The results of the trait studies were in concluded. Traits, amongst other things, were hard to measure. How, for example, do we measure traits such as honesty, integrity, loyalty, or diligence, while in this theory of leadership its very clear that the behavior of the leader is very important, its doesnt matter how intelligent he is or how educated the leader is. its the game of behavior and game of personality. This style of leadership, we can see mostly in south Asian countries or third world countries. And in my view this kind of leadership is based on idealism. 3-The Contingency Theory The behavioral theories can help the managers for developing specific leadership behaviors they give them little guidance as to what constitutes effective leadership in different scenarios. Indeed, I feel that no one leadership style is right for every manager under all circumstances. Instead, contingency-situational theories were developed to indicate that the style to be used is contingent upon such factors as the situation, the people, the task, the organization, and other environmental variables. 4- Participative Theories Participative theory may helps more to the managers rather than other above theories. The positive thing about participative style of leadership is distribute the power among the team members. Thats means the leader transfer and share the power among all the team members. This will help to make better decisions, because every team member will participate in the decision making process. In this case every team member has the importance and that thing motivate and enhance their confidence level. On the other hand if the leader transfer the power to that member who I not capable of doing assigned work than that thing can impact negatively. Critically Analysis of Motivation Theories Abraham Maslows Need Hierarchy Theory Maslows theory is not easy to test because of the nature of the subject involved, the difficulty with defining the plan or intention and only cover partly, for example between love and esteem, or physical and safety needs. Deprivation: The person who is not available in all of the basic needs containing as part of the whole being considered physiological, safety, love, and esteem would likely feel a powerful desire for food above all else. In the Maslow as a witness explain the example of a persisting for a long time or constantly recurring hungry person for whom no other interests exist beyond food: he dreams food, he remembers food, he thinks about food, he emotes only about food, he conscious of only food and he wants only food. Maslow suggested that people who experienced extreme emotional and/or physical the damaging lack of material benefits considered to be basic necessities in a society early in life may be permanently destroyed in terms of the social, esteem, and fulfillment of ones talents and potentialities needs. Individuals develop coping mechanisms in the face of ongoing stressors: in the context of chronic deprivation of basic needs, the person may break the connection from the higher needs, since they may seem causes despair out of reach. Adults who were process of moving up the hierarchy of needs as the lower needs become satisfied criticized theories that rest on especially significant details of human behavior under remarkable conditions, Care taken to avoid danger or mistakes against unknown situation from human behavior in emergencies to human behavior in more typical situations. Maslow stated a fact or belief confidently and forcefully that those who attempt to measure the goals of humanki nd based on not involving anyone behavior during extreme physiological deprivation is used to emphasize being blind to many things .it is important to observe human behavior under more normal circumstances in order to develop a generally applicable theory that is not distorted by reaching a high environments. Maslows theory of the hierarchy of human needs make an effort to achieve an account for the experience of the persisting for a long time or constantly recurring hungry and the chronically satisfied within the same model, but the models structure does not allow enough flexibility to account for the extremes of satisfaction and the damaging lack of material benefits considered to be basic necessities in a society as well as the normal experiences of the general population. Theory X and Theory Y of Douglas McGregor This lasting legacy of McGregors The Human Side of Enterprise and his Theory X and Y is that it shows how far management thinking has come. Objecting to the dominance of Theory X in the workplace of the time, McGregor noted that if there is a single assumption that pervades conventional organization theory, it is that authority is the central, indispensable means of managerial control. McGregor then put forward an available as another possibility or choice the art of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface so as to give the right impression of their height, width, depth, and position in relation to each other. Theory Y was based on the opposite set of assumptions, namely that people need not only to work but want to work. Under Theory Y, the worker finds that mental and physical effort at work are as natural as it is not working or occupied; that belonging to control and threats are not the single means of control in a company; that the average human learn s not only to accept but to attempt to find responsibility; and that most of us have a fully occupying the available area to display a high degree of forming new ideas, and original in sorting out problems. It is true that neither of McGregors two polar opposites are achievable in any organization. Even the most swollen and distended or congested corporate giant has human spirit remain hidden within it, while the most off-beam creative firms require an organization a set of ideas. McGregor recognized this fact and was busy by the terms of a will a hybrid of organizational human try hard to achieve some thing, theory Z, when he died. Mayo Theory of Motivation Mayo theory of motivation has described that treating with people as human is important. The manager Should give them self respect and importance, this is an effective tool for the people who work in an organization. But the negative aspect of this theory is that mayo has forgotten about the basic needs and one of them is money. Only the self respect is not enough other things also matters. In my opinion the mayo theory of motivation is competitively less effective that other theories of motivation. Herzberg Theory of Motivation Herzberg has discussed two factor here in my view Hygiene factors avoid job dissatisfaction, for example the company polices really matters. Are they helpful to the workers, how the administration is working, what leadership style they have? If both company policy and administration is worker friendly than it really helpful to the workers and motivates them, there few other factors which have the importance is supervision, interpersonal relationship, working conditions, salary, status and security. these are the factors if they are shown preferably in the company policies that can really motivate the employees. While in Motivation Factor work condition related to the satisfaction of the need for psychological growth, job enrichment and leads to superior performance effort Motivation-Hygiene Combinations (Motivation = M, Hygiene = H) Managing Cultural Diversity Organizations around the world has been recognizing the cultural diversity within organization is not a contradict aspect, rather can assist an organizational pursue for glory. However it is not an easy task to manage employees with different cultural backgrounds. Nevertheless there are so many policy guidelines that can make a piece of work simplified. On a wide perspective, cultural diversity can be manage through communicating (creating awareness among all employees about diverse values of peers through communication), cultivating (facilitating acknowledgement, support and encouragement of any employee success by all other workers), and capitalizing (linking diversity to every business touch on and strategy such as succession planning, restructuring, employee motivation, performance management and review, and pay back systems) strategies Analysis of Cultural Diversity in UK Top British companies are focusing on the staff with culturally diverse backgrounds as a prospective asset in performance teams. The culturally diverse teams can actually perform better as well as more sense of creativity than teams made up of people with same backgrounds. The many studies showed by psychologists is that the prime creativity of such teams is usually achieved at some expense to performance, while performance from homogeneous teams is usually at the cost of creativity. The survey of 65 companies, from the top 200 British companies, and their attitudes to cultural diversity revealed some regarded as likely to happen results. For example, companies which have a management of diversity policy are not importantly those which have noticeably increased the comparative measurements of their workforce with diverse backgrounds. Their top management is have power and influence over as much by white males (86 per cent) as companies with no diversity policy (87 per cent). But companies with active diversity policies are more likely to have brought in flexible work arrangements help with Chiltern, paternity leave and career breaks. They put a high priority on managing diversity along with other business tasks like Investors in People, business efficiencies and total quality management. And these companies are more engaged in campaigns that advance the induce of minorities. Reasons advanced by companies which do not have a circumstantial policy included: financial (not enough resources); managers not recognizing the importance of diversity as a business issue; some companies seeing no need to focus on being a fair and evenhanded employer, or, in one company, specifically avoiding following especially one that is short-lived . Benefits of Cultural Diversity For producing desired results multi-cultural managed companies have cost effective competitive advantage. It helps in boosting minority friendly reputation among progressive employees. Diverse cultural corporations help to get the best customers which have a variety of people. Diverse group of employees are seems to be more creative and efficient in problem solving as compared to similar group. Ability to manage cultural diversity increases adaptability and flexibility of an organization to environmental changes. Culture and Leadership Since World War II, globalization has been advancing throughout the world. Globalization is the increased interdependence (economic, social, technical, and political) between nations. People are becoming more interconnected. There is more international trade, cultural exchange, and use of worldwide telecommunication systems. In the last 10 years, our schools, organizations, and communities have become far more global than in the past. Increased globalization has created many challenges, including the need to design effective multinational organizations, to identify and select appropriate leaders for these entities, and to manage organizations with culturally diverse employees. Globalization has created a need to understand how cultural differences affect leadership performance. Globalization has also created the need for leaders to become competent in cross-cultural awareness and practice. Differences in Middle Eastern and Western Management Management dimensions Middle Eastern Management Western Management Leadership Highly authoritarian tone, not flexible instructions, too many management directives Less emphasis on leaders personality, considerable weight on leaders style and performance Organizational structure Highly Bureaucratic over centralized, with power and authority at the top, uncertain relationship, unclear and unpredictable organization environment. Less bureaucratic, more delegation of authority, Relatively decentralized structure. Performance evaluation and control Informal control mechanisms, routine checks on performance. lack uncertain performance evaluation system Fairly advanced control systems on cost reduction and organizational effectiveness Personnel Policies Heavy reliance on personal contacts and getting individual form the right social origin to fill major positions Sound personal management policies. Can debates qualification are usually the basis for selection decisions. Styles of leadership and appropriate motivation techniques across different cultures Leadership style influence level of motivation. However, throughout a lifetime, mans motivation is influenced by changing ambitions and/or leadership style he works under or socializes with. Command-and-control leadership drains off ambition while worker responsibility increases ambition. Styles of leadership Vs motivation techniques Leadership Style Motivation Type Motivation is Based on: Personality Type Efficiency Limited supervision Worker with decision making responsibility Self motivated Creativity Leader of ideas or people. Independent Achiever Thrives on change High Team motivated Mixed styles Goal motivated Opportunity Personality type and efficiency depends on leaders skill and/or the work environment hes created. Reward motivated Materialism Recognition motivated Social status High level of supervision Command-and-control Peer motivated To be like others Status quo Dependency Resist change Low Authority motivated Follows policy Threat, fear motivated Reacts to force Self-motivated or visionaries will not admit authority controlled environments. They will find a way to escape if trapped. In a team-motivated environment, dependency types will become inspired and strive to be acceptable with independent thinking coworkers. Associates influence the level of individual motivation. Criteria According to my research and evolution relating to the theories about Leadership, Motivation and cultural diversity is very optimistic. The above said theories are research based and really beneficial for the hotel and tourism industry. Now I will explain what are the things which will help the hotel and tourism industry to grow and flourish. Employees must know the primary aim of the organization. Remove those obstacles which stop employees performing to best effect. Motivate the staff by financial rewards, status, praise and acknowledgment, competition, job security, public recognition, fear, perfectionism, results. Use the participative style of leadership and empowered the employees. Avoid those things which can demotivate the team. Like company has made redundancies, imposed a recruitment freeze or lost a number of key people this will have an effect on motivation. Conduct the survey to check, who is most motivated and why? What lessons can an employee learn from patches of high and low motivation in the company? Its important that company goals and employee goals should be aliened or not. You may find employees are highly motivated but about the wrong priorities. Its important to realize the employees that they feel safe, loyal, valued and taken care of. Ask them what would improve their loyalty and commitment. Involve employees in company development. Its important for the company to match their internal image with its external one. Like Your Company may present itself to the world as the forward thinking technology family hotel chain. Your employees would have been influenced, and their expectations set, to this image when they joined your company. By adding coaching tools and motivation principles to their capabilities we should find the job of leading those around us, and/or helping others to do the same, more of a joyful and rewarding activity. Instead of spending all their time and energy pushing and cajoling (in the belief that your peoples motivation must come from you) you will be able to focus on leading your team, and enabling them to achieve their full potential themselves. About Hyatt Hyatt is a global hospitality company with widely recognized, industry leading brands and a tradition of innovation developed over their more than fifty-year history. Hyatt mission is to provide authentic hospitality by making a difference in the lives of the people they touch every day. Hyatt focus on this mission in pursuit of their goal of becoming the most preferred brand in each segment that they serve for their associates, guests, and owners. Hyatt support their mission and goal by adhering to a set of core values that characterizes their culture. Hyatt manage, franchise, own and develop Hyatt branded hotels, resorts and residential and vacation ownership properties around the world. As of March 31, 2010, the companys worldwide portfolio consisted of 434 properties. Hyatt History Hyatt Hotels Resorts opened its first property, a small motor hotel at the Los Angeles International Airport, in 1957 and its portfolio quickly grew to include several other modest hotels along the West Coast and in Chicago over the next ten years. In 1967, Hyatt opened its first major John Portman designed hotel, Hyatt Regency Atlanta , in Georgia, which featured a space-age design with a dramatic, 21-story atrium lobby. The revolutionary architecture spawned scores of atrium lobbies around the world, effectively changing the course of the lodging industry and reshaping the Hyatt brand as an innovative and significant global hospitality leader . By 1969, 13 Hyatt hotels were in operation throughout the United States. That same year, the company launched Hyatt Regency Hong Kong , establishing Hyatt International Corporation . Over the next ten years, the companys portfolio of hotels began to expand and diversify rapidly, and in 1980 the company introduced the Grand Hyatt and Park Hyatt brands, and also solidified its entry into the luxury resort market with the opening of Hyatt Regency Maui Resort Spa in Hawaii. Hyatt Regency London -The Churchill Hyatt Regency London The Churchill provides a wide range of services guaranteed to satisfy the needs of the most discerning guests. The fully equipped Business Centre provides business Motivational Tools Used by Hyatt Employee motivation is given a very special consideration at Hyatt. The top level management of the hotel believe on the theory of Z(Japanese school of thought)In Hyatt the employees salaries are not as much high so it is because of the motivation which keep the employees enthusiastic and dedicated to their jobs as they are working with their family members. For keep motivating their employees some managers also work with the employees like as they do. We reached in laundry department; the laundry manager was working as like lowest or middle level employees. Related manager Really take much care of every employees family matters and try to help them, because they know that the employee who have problems cant work effectively. In Hyatt they usually give the promotion from within organization relating to the employees previous performance. Promotions are confer on the performance basis. This performance base motivates employees to work hard and achieve the goals, which are very objecti ve and are conscious of achievable by most of the employees. Managers play an important role in motivating employees as they give them the in time feedback about their daily official work. They also help them for solving different problems, which can be job related or professional life problems. Working environment and challenging targets are a major factor in employee motivation at Hyatt. The hotel has reward system which includes monetary awards such as, Employee of the Month award Employee of the Year Award TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT At Hyatt on the job training is given the utmost importance Hyatt have a performance evaluation system. They evaluate employees jobs, personalities and performance. Job are evaluated by their immediate managers and counter signed by the senior management. They also identify lacking after discussion with the relevant employee. On the basis of evaluation they identify the areas where the employees are lacking behind and they suggest recommendation for training. They use a performance appraisal form and use a different dimensions for evaluate performance. As they are the market leader so we need to have skilled and well trained staff. Their every waiter or room server knows the a bit Asian languages because their most of the guest are from foreigners. They believe in cross culture. COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS Benefits: They have a regular analysis system and a performance appraisal method. For this they have committees who meet once in a month to discuss the performance of all the employees. They have performance appraisal method which we conduct 2 times annually for the new employee and annually for the old one and give them increment and benefits.  ¨ Bonuses  ¨ Annual Increments Rules and Regulation Policies Pays: Payday is last day of every month. Overtime is double the hourly rate of pay WORK SCHEDULE 9 work hours in one shift One day off during the week BRTESKS AND MEAL PERIODS 1 meal and 2 tea breaks in one shift 30 min for lunch/dinner. 15 min for each tea/breakfast Meals in staff cafeteria only. LEAVE Casual(Maximum 3) Sick(Medical certificate for 3 or more) Earned(Minimum 7) EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION SURVEY Hyatt Hotel conducts an Employee Satisfaction survey on annual basis. The Survey targets permanent employees of Hyatt with a view to determine their current satisfaction level on various categories. This survey mainly focuses on the following objectives: To measure, learn and improve the organization performance To ensure that the employees are moving in the right direction in order to fit in the future To listen and build upon the feedback from all employees To ensure that we are creating a successful working environment in which innovation can thrive Commitment of the top management to follow up on the employee satisfaction level This year the survey result is more than 80% satisfaction level. Hyatt conducted this survey with the help of a private firm. The top management of Hyatt feels that it is important that they keep the employees motivated and take initiatives to increase their satisfaction level Leadership at Hyatt LEADERSHIP STYLE The Hyatt general manager of the company is at the topmost position in the organizational hierarchy; Even though he is not directly involved in its operations he is responsible for taking major company decisions regarding the policy and Operations. Departmental managers are responsible for leading and controlling their subordinates. These leaders focus on their respective fields. Increasing their employees efficiency Empowerment Resolving Conflict Providing facilities Managers motivate minimum-wage employees Directing them to right way Motivation At Hyatt encouraging the employees to give new ideas so as to increase the customer satisfaction. In Hyatt there is a high degree of delegation and participation so they believe that the leadership style used in all the departments of Hyatt is democratic. Subordinates are given a fair treatment and are dealt in a very good manner so as to give them a feeling that you are not only an employee but also a member of the family. The managers at Hyatt are very supportive as they treat subordinates as equals, and have a highly open communication system. They are participative since they encourage the involvement of the employees in decision-making and make use of group discussions. However, some monetary and non-monetary rewards are used to create a high involvement from the employees especially at the lower level. THESE ARE SOME THINGS WHICH CAN BE DON

Tuesday, August 20, 2019

Dyson Marketing Analysis

Dyson Marketing Analysis Dyson are currently the market follower in air treatment product, Dimplex Australia and DeLonghi Australia Pty Ltd are by far the dominant players cooling fans (Euromonitor, 2010) Dyson Ltd reported operating profits of $190 million Pounds in 2009, which gross from 90 million Pounds in 2008 and turnover shot up by 23 per cent to  £770m. An amount of $42 million Pounds were spent on research and development cost in 2009 after the soaring financial results as well as international expansion. (Russell, 2010) The company increased its market share by 60% in late 2009 when the new Air Multiplier fan was introduced in Australia. (Arnott, 2010) In Australia it won 64% of market, by value. (Finch, 2010) Also, sales were increased further in the early months of 2010 as the result of new handheld vacuums launched. Since the company is an appliances manufacturer, it uses technological and functional aspect of the product to position them as a premium appliances manufacturing product to compete with competitors.(Euromonitor, 2010) Hence, Dyson are competing on a technological product based industry with its primary rival, Hoovers where they tried to imitate a Dysons product and was filed a patent infringement. In addition, the company emphasize on design to differentiate their product with competitors by its aesthetic design. (Dyson, 2010) 2.0 Dyson Air Multiplier (Functions, attributes and benefits) According to Dyson, as a general core functions of the Air Multiplier it generate air and produce an air flow just like a normal fan. However, what differentiates the Dysons Air Multiplier fan and the conventional fan is that it has no blades. Instead the Air Multiplier draws air in at the base through a mixed flow impellor as below. Dysons Air Multiplier Functions and Attributes A combination of the technologies used in jet engines where it accelerates air over a 16 ° airfoil-shaped ramp. While exiting the loop amplifier, the jet pulls air from behind the fan into the airflow. (Dyson, 2010) At the same time, the surrounding air from the front and sides of the machine is forced into the air stream and exaggerates air 15 times, expelling 405 litres of cool, smooth and uninterrupted air every second. (Dyson, 2010) The Dyson Air Multiplier is energy-efficient product that uses 98% less power than air conditioning using brushless motor. (Hickman, 2009) Compared to normal fans, the blades are only wired to run at just two or three settings where it is not efficient to produce powerful airflow and its not convenient to clean. Hence, without the blades means its safe and simple to clean. A picture below shows how Dyson Air Multiplier works compare to a conventional fan. Picture show a conventional fan spinning blades chops the air causing annoying buffeting Picture showing Air Multiplier using airfoil technology without blades hence producing steady stream of smooth air Dyson Air Multiplier fan is probably the biggest innovations in household fans since fan was created in 1882. This is because it eliminates the fan blades as well as the buffering and turbulence which built on a normal electric fan. It also very hygienic where it is easily clean with just a cloth since it has no blades. (Dyson, 2010) 3.0 Target Market Segmentation 3.1 Illustration of brand position of Dyson. High perceived quality and status Limited Service Extensive Less Personal personalised service Low perceived Quality and status Segment 1 Segment 2 Name of segment Business Household use Geographic Status Nationwide Nationwide Density Urban, Suburban Demographic Male and Female Aged 25-45 Middle-high income, Designers Male and Female, Private use, Family use, New parents, Middle-high Income, High socioeconomic status, traditional and conventional family lifestyles Behaviour attitude towards brand consciousness Comfortable environment Convenience Customer Service Convenience Interest Safety Usage and Benefits of Air Multiplier Fan Businesses acquire Air multiplier fan to improve the environment in their workplaces (e.g office, hospitals, laboratories, etc). Private users utilise Dyson to improve their lifestyle comfortability, safety, high quality lifestyles. Psychographic To achieve comfort in the workplace and improvements in customer service and relations Trying to use modern technological equipment Help Satisfy people who are fashionable Sensitive to technology Keeping up with the new-to-the-world products. Basic needs(convenience) Esteem needs Safety needs 3.2 Summary Of Target Market Chosen 4.0 Dysons Air Multiplier Fan Development Process New product development is the creation of products with new or different characteristics that offer new or additional benefits to the customer. (Crawford, 2008) It may be include modification of an existing product or development of new product. 4.1 Idea Generation and Opportunity Identification In an Interview, James Dyson mentioned that he hated the current fan model due to its unimproved attributes and features and theyre hard to clean. (Messina, 2009)Hence, the inspiration for the Air Multiplier came from the Dyson Airblade hand dryer launched in March 2008.(VedrisAvenell,2009) This product works by generating a thin sheet of air moving at 400mph that scrapes water off the users hand. As mentioned by Dyson SEA managing director, Ross Cameron Traditional fans only chop at the air and it can get irritating and this is something people didnt realize until we brought it to their attention. (Dyson, 2010) 4.2 Concept Generation and Evaluations The idea behind Dyson Airblade was to produce a thin, high-speed sheet of air that drags surrounding air through the Dyson Air Multiplier fan, a process known as inducement.(Dyson,2010) Hence, the airflow leaves the product and then drags along more flow, a process known as entrainment. The process eliminates the need for the blades of a common fan. Dyson started with the thought of pressurized air engineering, forcing it through narrow aperture to create jets. However, it doesnt produce a powerful air to work in a fan. Hence, Dyson comes out with the concept of using Coanda effect (Dyson, 2009) Henri Coanda, defined Coanda Effect, as a stream of air at high velocity will attach to a curved surface rather than follow a straight line in its original direction. (Day, 2008) This stream will also entrain air from around it to increase the overall mass flow rate of the stream of air. 4.3 Concept Testing Dyson conduct their research by using Concept Screening Tests to the interviewees. (Dyson, 2009) The purpose they use this method is to plumb the depths and range of user attitudes and beliefs. A series of question like functional attributes and benefits of a fan provided to consumer were asked. Also, the purchase intent and likelihood of trial is measure as well. (Dyson, 2009) This is to generate ideas for the product and screen new product concepts so that unnecessary features can be avoid. Concept testing lays the foundation upon which benchmarking can be carried out in the future. 4.4 Sales Forecasting One method of forecasting sales is using test market. Dyson introduced the Air Multiplier in Australia as the test market. They forecasted that it will be a great success due to the coming summer in Australia and the tendency of trying new product. (Vedris, 2009) By using ATAR model we are able to calculate the forecasted sale. By using ATAR model, forecasted sales can be predicted Awareness Dyson launch a viral marketing in Youtube before the launch of Air Multiplier. Instead of focusing its high technology features, they show a balloon pass through the annular ring of Air Multiplier to show how cool will a bladeless fan can be. Results show high awareness as there were more than 1 million views in their video (Refer Appendix 8) 380k viewers / 1.2 million viewer = 32% Trial Market Value of Air Treatment Product (fan) will be used as a benchmark to calculate trial of the product (Refer Appendix 2 ) $A1259mil + $A1327.2mil = $A2586.2mil / $A1327.2 mil =1.95% Availability Air Multiplier is available in most electrical retail store throughout the world and Dysons online store. (Dyson, 2010 ) Repeat Purchase Since Dyson Air Multiplier only launched for a year, and with its durability claim by Dyson for its lifespan of 10 years, it is not likely a consumer will purchase until a long-term product line has made. Market Share = Aw x T x Av x T x 32% Percent awareness after one year x 1.95% Percent of aware owners who will try product x 70% Percent availability at retailers (Myers, David Jones, The Good Guys and Harvey Norman are will be available in every of these outlets in Australia) x 0% Percent of triers who will buy a second unit Forecasted sales = 4.37% The results were later show a 64% market value solely in Australia. (Finch, 2010) 4.5 Dyson Air Multiplier Product Protocol By carefully understand and researching the voice of customer (VOC) needs and want, Dyson has produced a list of functions and features before production to effectively cater for the market. (Dyson, 2010) Features and functions Benefit Bladeless Safer to operate especially to children Reduces parts hence more energy efficient No Buffeting Uninterrupted stream of air that doesnt distract Touch tilt technology ( Easy to Operate) Adjust easily with a touch of the hand Hygienic Simple loop making it easy to clean Oscillation control A simple press of button, the Dyson Air Multiplier can oscillate through 90 degree. Variable airflow Air Speed can be precisely adjusted up or down Powerful Produce 15 more efficient than a common fan. Hence, fan does not need to be near to user After carefully analyze the customers attributes, it is then converted into engineering characteristic. 4.6 Protoype Concept Design Dyson engineers used ANSYS FLUENT computational fluid dynamics (CFD) from ANSYS, Inc. to use as prototype testing instead of using physical prototype which saves costs. The team uses CFD simulations to perfect the ramp angle. (ANSYS, 2010)Also, Dyson Engineers focused on other 3 major platforms which have the most impact on the fan performance: the size of the gap in the annular ring internal profile of the ring, which affects the flow of the air the profile of the external ramp Overall, Air Multiplier performance has improved and physical testing was used to validate the final design and results interrelated well with CFD analysis. Also, laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) also used to plot the airspeed and direction of the final design. Prototype testing will be conduct to ensure a quality control. 4.7 Product Prototype Design There are a team of 350 Dysons engineers developed the Air Multiplier. In addition, there have been hundreds of prototypes tested to determine the ideal dimensions of the ramp angle, the width and the amplifier loop. (Vedris, 2009) The team start as models made from card and foam. Later they use SLS (Selected Laser Sintering) a rapid prototyping technique that molds plastic or ceramic particles together to form a fully-working model. (Dyson, 2010) A front view of the fan assembly comprises an annular nozzle and a device creating an air flow through the nozzle, the nozzle comprising an interior passage which includes a Coanda surface to provide an amplifying region utilizing the Coanda effect. (Refer Picture1 and 2) Hence, with the simple loop design an air current is generated and a cooling effect is created without requiring a blade. (Refer picture 3) Picture1 Picture 2 The air current produced by the Air Multiplier is more linear with low turbulence and hence a user can feel the cooling effect even at a distance and the efficiency of the fan also increases. (Refer Picture 3) So, the user can place the Air Multiplier distance away from them and still be able to enjoy the cooling effect from Air Multiplier. Also, it results an entrainment of air surrounding the annular loop to maintain a smooth overall air. Picture 3 The interior passage of the Air Multiplier is continuous. So it allows smooth air flow within the annular loop and this reduces the complexity of the fan assembly and manufacturing cost. (Refer picture 3) 4.8 Test Marketing A prototype was used to test on how the users react towards the product. Dyson provide the prototype for a group of people to engage with the product without telling them what the product is. (Dyson, 2009) Dyson discovered that the focus group responds in a positive feedback saying they can feel the difference compare to conventional fan. (Refer Appendix 1) Dyson launch Air Multiplier in Sydney, Australia as the first market to test the product. The reason they chose Australia because of the timing and the consumer willingness to try new technology. (Vedris, 2009) Hence, Choosing Australia as the test market location will enable Dyson to understand the market. The results were doubled as the demand for Air Multiplier from the retailers was increased. (Vedris, 2009) 4.9 Product Launch James Dyson, the owner of Dyson also flew to Sydney for the launch of the new Air Multiplier. (Vedris, 2009) The launch of Dyson Air Multiplier in Australia sets in most Eastern Australia retail store. (Avenell, 2009) In addition, with the hottest weather in November 2009 where consumers start to consider and purchase Dyson Air Multiplier. Air Multiplier is set to be launch in Japan and Germany after the successful growth in Australia. (Vedris, 2009) One of the keys to the success of an innovative product has been shown to be in securing the attention of a socio-economic group who could be called opinion leaders. These people are shown to have a more elevated social standing than those around them and keen to explore new things. (Refer Appendix 6)These people are talkers and others will follow their advice and example. Dysons ability to communicate their product to these opinion leaders played an essential role in product launch. They have the influence to persuade and educate the other users and eventually consider Air Multiplier. 5.0 Marketing Mix Strategy 5.1 Product As a customer based product, Dyson aims to focus on customer needs by creating innovative products that meet these different needs. After successfully launching the vacuum cleaners, Dyson can see opportunities for the bladeless fan since customers are constantly looking for new and improved products and companies are always needed to fill this void (Prabhu 2008). So far, the bladeless revolution is new to the market and the concept is unique, which is why the company has so much marketing potential due to the fact it is the market leader in the market (Datamonitor Dyson Ltd company profile, 2009). Dyson showcased its Air Multiplier bladeless fan at the IFA trade show in Berlin to match their expected and intended positioning strategy (refer to Appendix 5). The benefit and unique selling point of this tech is the lack of buffeting (caused by a regular fans blades) is noticeable when its pointed out (Dennis 2009). The fan is safe to use and it has an international accreditation from UL, the trusted resource across the globe for product safety certification (Mason 2010). As a result of growth in the technology innovative industry (Jimenez 2010), Dysons product mix has been placed within the growth stage of the Product Life Cycle. As Dyson continues to expand globally, it continues to build upon its mass market through its unique features along with the support of its strong brand image. Furthermore, Dyson has successfully protected its core product from potential substitutes; Dyson augmented product includes additional services that support the customers needs such as 247 support around the world to differentiate its superior technology and a 2 year warranty (Dyson 2010).This strengthens the overall product model and firms Dysons competitive position .The product is still pending for its patent but it is expected Dyson to be granted a patent for its Air Multiplier. 5.2 Price This radical and innovative bladeless fan has been shown to be in securing the attention of the technology savvy people the early adopter (Bulik 2010). They are keen to explore new things so are willing to pay a higher price for innovative products. Dysons ability to communicate their product to these early adopters played an essential role in sensational sales (refer to Appendix 6). Dysons decision to price the products in a higher price bracket is based on the perceived value consumers associate with Dyson product mix. Setting the products at a high price reflects the high quality image Dyson wishes to portray through the product provided and the strategies implemented throughout the marketing mix. This justifies Dysons decision to aim for a premium overall pricing strategy; using prestige pricing will enable Dyson to become more of an indulgent perspective to correlate with customer perceptions. The company is now charging $300 USD per fan and Dyson believes that the value obtained through the products and services provided will be of value to or above the prices charged (Kotler et al.2006). According to the Homeworld Business annual census, the portable fan industry had $527 million in annual sales in 2009. Dysons pricing strategy utilised the best interest of the companys projected sales targets and marketing objectives. However, Price does seem to be the main deterrent for buyers. Consumer Reports wrote simply in its review: the device is cool, but too pricey. (Smith 2010). Dyson has already differentiated them in the present market, and information technology can help them enhance on this. Surveys could be conducted by interviewing people how much they are willing to pay. Once this was established, the price could be set based on the consumers perceived value of both products. Focusing on creating value for the consumer through the products and service is vital for justifying selling the products at a premium price and achieving a higher profit margin in the long term. 5.3 Marketing communication Dyson has communicated benefits of the Air Multiplier bladeless fan to consumers through tailored ad campaigns, internet marketing, viral marketing, personal selling and social media channels. However, the company mainly used the role of the press to promote the fan (Beth 2010). This is because Journalists seemed to be the first to see the potential of a new invention and press coverage was therefore the best way of convincing the public. People are far more likely to believe someone who has tested something for themselves and it is assumed that a journalist has done that. Moreover, one of the notable features of Dysons bladeless fans success with press coverage was his personal involvement in giving interviews and to demonstrate how the fan actually works (refer to Appendix 7). The company also make use of showcases to reach the niche market such as their engineers showing how inducement and entrainment works on the Air Multiplier fan. The video has reached more than 130,000 people around the world to watch it (refer to Appendix 8). Also, Dysons design has won numerous scientific awards such as GOOD DESIGN and The World Architecture News Awards etc (Kendall 2010). All these awards enhance their products credibility. In order to reach customers globally and to show that they are a global based firm, Dyson made use of the internet to reach customers. They have an individual online websites in more than 60 countries, plus an international version. For instance, Dysons website invites consumers to sign up so that they could receive regular updates of the products and the company which makes it more personal. Campaign such as The James Dyson Award is being used. It is an international design award that celebrates, encourages and inspires the next generation of design engineers. (JamesDysonAward, 2010). All these campaigns have kept the brands core equity intact and create positive publicity to the company and therefore can bring sales to the company and increase brand loyalty ( Miao 2004). 5.4 Distribution Dyson Air Multiplier has limited distribution, available only through the company website and in selected outlets so as to maintain the premium positioning of the product. The shipping fee is free when customers order online. Dyson has a reliable supplier, Perrite has supplied product to Dyson since 1995. It is a very strong company with colour and development work carried out in Malaysia and at the UK laboratory, and local supply and support from Perrite Malaysia (Cork 2010). Therefore Dyson can readily meet the needs and reduce the chances of delays for consumer deliveries. Their distribution company is also dependable which specializes in moving fragile and sensitive technological goods. It also provides fast and direct link to distributors all over the world. Dyson have placed primary importance on developing a strong and consistent brand image, whereby portraying they are able to satisfy the customers needs for their targeted market. This is accomplished via displaying prototype s of the fan in retailers. An exclusive/ selective distribution approach will be adopted for the private purchases of the unit, for commercial use. The advantage of this approach is in keeping with the pricing strategy which aims to skim the private purchase market, sales reps will be able to lend advice and guide in training of product use as well as promoting the product while reserving the high esteem and prestigious, innovative brand image (Perreault, W.D, Jr. et al, 2008). 6.0 Conclusion As a conclusion, Dyson Air Multiplier made success to the market throughout the world. The company shows a rise in their market share of 23% and a steady growth on revenue. Air Multiplier also shows marvellous results in Australia by having a market share of 64%. Consumer reacts positively on Air Multiplier on its radical innovation bringing convenience and safety to the people. Furthermore, choosing Australia as a test market proves its success as the launch time is approaching to summer season where consumer needs fans. In order to further its competitive advantage, the idea would be to enhance the product by reducing the noise level and to provide a silent air flow. By enhancing the fan features and ultimately redesigning it, the product will attract consumers and dominate market share. Being in an innovative industry, they impact directly on market price. It is expected that price elasticity will be relatively low up to a certain threshold until buyers then opt for old-style bladed fans. Therefore, Dyson should reduce their selling price. Dyson can cut down the cost dramatically by the effective management of information system. Information technology is a powerful and efficient tool to reduce the documenting cost and can help in easy accessibility of information in various sections of the organization (Hansen et al., 1999). In addition, it is recommended Dyson revised their distribution channel to create market opportunities and expand their market widely. From these studies, it is apparent that the Air Multiplier fan has had tremendous success per volume of sales and sales will continue to grow in the future 7.0 Appendix Appendix 1 Appendix 2 Appendix 3 Advantage of Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) The advantage of using CFD is the CFD model can be created in one day and performance can be evaluated overnight. Also, it provides fluid flow velocity and the ability to visualize fluid flow throughout the solution domain which helps engineers to gain an understanding of the design. Appendix 4 Background of the Invention (Under Product Design) Conventional fan was made as benchmark to the Air Multiplier. Firstly, conventional desk fans are often 30 cm in diameter and are usually free standing. (Refer Picture 1 ) The movement and circulation of the air creates a breeze, result a cooling effect as heat is dissipated through convection. (http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6183204/description.html)The conventional fans have safety features such as the cage around the blades to protect user from injuring themselves. One disadvantage of the conventional fan is that the air flow produced is not felt uniformly due to variations across the blade surface. Another disadvantage is that user needs to place the fan close to them in order to have a cooling effect. Also, the shape and structure of a desk fan reduces the working area available and blockage of natural light from reaching the desk area. Appendix 5 -Dysons tradeshow. Source: viewed 20th October, 2010. Appendix 6-Dysons Air Multiplier bladeless fan mainly aim at technology savvy people i.e. early adopters. Source: viewed 17th October, 2010. Appendix 7-James Dyson giving interviews and to demonstrate how the fan actually works. Souce: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0DFShQA50j8 viewed 20th October, 2010. Appendix 8- Showcase to show how inducement and entrainment works on the Air Multiplier fan. Adapted from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WNcjkZ6d0wfeature=player_embedded